Despite Nigeria’s vast forest resources and growing global demand for charcoal, the country is missing out on significant economic benefits from this lucrative non-oil export commodity.
The National Charcoal Producers, Dealers, and Exporters Association of Nigeria (NACPDEAN) clarified that charcoal exports are legal under Nigerian law since January 19, 2023, provided exporters meet regulatory requirements including approval from the Ministries of Environment and Finance, payment of duties, and commitments to afforestation efforts.
However, poor communication and inconsistent enforcement have created confusion and pushed much of the charcoal trade into informal channels. This lack of a clear regulatory framework and proper certification has stifled investor confidence and limited foreign exchange inflows. Unlike countries such as Namibia and Kenya that have structured charcoal industries with sustainability certifications, Nigeria’s charcoal sector remains underdeveloped and overlooked in national policy.
The Federal Ministry of Environment recently emphasized the need for exporters to establish forest plantations and adhere strictly to Nigeria Timber Legality Standards to avoid penalties like blacklisting. The ministry also warned against the use of fake certificates and highlighted the urgent need for collective action to halt rapid deforestation with its social, economic, and environmental consequences.
Furthermore, the European Union has set a deadline of December 2025 for countries exporting wood and charcoal to comply with its deforestation regulation. Failure to meet these standards could lead to a ban on Nigeria’s charcoal exports to European markets – a major concern that stakeholders are eager to address.
Experts stress that what Nigeria needs is a transitional framework that balances economic opportunities with environmental responsibility. This includes clearer regulations, digital traceability, export certification aligned with international standards, and commitment to sustainable forest management. If properly harnessed, Nigeria’s charcoal industry holds the potential to generate billions in revenue, uplift rural livelihoods, and contribute to global climate change mitigation efforts.
The forest is giving Nigeria an incredible resource, but without effective collection and management, the country risks losing both financially and environmentally.
